The IMF and Europe
How can Europe Pay for Things it Cannot Afford?
In his address, IMF European Department Director Alfred Kammer called for decisive reforms to boost growth and ensure fiscal sustainability amid rising spending pressures from defense, energy, and aging costs. He emphasized that Europe must deepen the single market and undertake fiscal reforms and adjustment to secure its economic future.
Country Reports
- Republic of Latvia: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Latvia | September 19, 2025
- Switzerland: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Alternate Executive Director for Switzerland | September 16, 2025
- Bosnia and Herzegovina: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; Staff Supplement; and Statement by the Alternate Executive Director for Bosnia and Herzegovina | September 4, 2025
- Republic of Croatia: 2024 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; and Staff Report | July 29, 2024
- Hungary: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Hungary | August 29, 2025
- United Kingdom: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for United Kingdom | July 25, 202
- Italy: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Italy | July 22, 2025
- Kingdom of the Netherlands—The Netherlands: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Kingdom of the Netherlands—The Netherland | July 21, 2025
- Republic of Estonia: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; and Staff Report | July 14, 2025
- France: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for France | July 14, 2025
- Republic of Serbia: 2025 Article IV Consultation, First Review Under the Policy Coordination Instrument, and Request for Modification of Targets-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Serbia | July 10, 2025
- Denmark: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; and Staff Report | July 4, 2025
- Austria: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; and Staff Report | July 3, 2025
Themes
NEW
Making European Reforms a Success on the Ground: Leveraging the EU’s production hubs while leaving no one behind | November 13, 2025NEW
Making the Most of EU Accession | November 11, 2025NEW
Bulgaria’s Eurozone Accession | November 4, 2025- Labor Markets, Migration, and EU Integration in the Western Balkans | October 31, 2025
- Euro Area Financial Fragmentation and Bond Market Stability | September 26, 2025
- Tax Reform, Subsidies, and Labor Supply: Lessons from Türkiye | September 19, 2025
- Italy Needs Higher Productivity and More People Working | September 15, 2025
- Monetary Policy Transmission in Euroized Countries: Evidence from Emerging Europe | September 5, 2025
- Why Europe Needs a Digital Euro | September 3, 2025
- F&D Magazine: Europe: How it can turn adversity to advantage | June 2025
- Remarks by IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva at the Eurogroup Meeting - Luxembourg | June 19, 2025
- Managing Director’s opening remarks for the press conference following the Eurogroup meeting, Luxembourg, Luxembourg | June 19, 2025
- Europe’s National-Level Structural Reform Priorities | May 29, 2025
- Making the MFF Fit for Purpose | May 20, 2025
- Rising to the Challenge: Europe’s Path to Growth and Resilience | May 19, 2025
- AI and Productivity in Europe | April 4, 2025
- Long-Term Spending Pressures in Europe | March 14, 2025
- Short-term Policy Responses to Geoeconomic Shocks in CESEE Countries | February 14, 2025
- Europe’s Productivity Weakness: Firm-Level Roots and Remedies | February 14, 2025
- Integrating the EU Energy Market to Foster Growth and Resilience | January 13, 2025
- Europe's Choice: Policies for Growth and Resilience | December 16, 2024
- Vienna Initiative: CESEE Deleveraging and Credit Monitor | December 10, 2024
- Central Banks and Central Banking in a Highly Complex World: Demonstrating Commitment and Preserving Credibility | October 1, 2024
- A Strategic Pivot in Global Fiscal Policy | September 18, 2024
- Bank Profits: Bank Profitability in Europe: Not Here to Stay | July 9, 2024
- Vienna Initiative – CESEE Deleveraging and Credit Monitor | July 1, 2024
- A Strategy for European Competitiveness | June 20, 2024
- Europe Can Reap Sizable Energy Security Rewards by Scaling Up Climate Action | May 28, 2024
Regional Offices
Overcoming Europe’s Policy Drift: From Recognition to Action
October 2025
Europe’s growth is slowing and debt rising. Closing the productivity gap with the US is firmly in Europe’s grasp. Discussions need to move from recognition to action: deepen integration, raise productivity and secure long-term fiscal sustainability.
IMF Blogs - Europe
How Europe Can Capture the AI Growth Dividend (November 20, 2025)
A United Europe Can Shape the Global Economy (June 3, 2025)
Europe Needs a Coordinated Approach to Industrial Policy (December 16, 2024)
The 2004 EU Enlargement Was a Success Story Built on Deep Reform Efforts (December 3, 2024)
New European Wealth Gauge Helps Policymakers Address Inequality (November 19, 2024)
Euro Area Reports
Euro Area Policies: Financial System Stability Assessment (July 23, 2025)
Resident Representative Offices
IMF Resident Representative Offices
- IMF Office in Albania
- IMF Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina
- IMF Office in Bulgaria
- IMF Office in Cyprus
- IMF office in Hungary
- IMF Office in Ireland
- IMF Office in Kosovo
- IMF Office in Moldova
- IMF Office in North Macedonia
- IMF Office in Romania
- IMF Office in Russia
- IMF Office in Serbia
- IMF Office in Turkey
- IMF Office in Ukraine
Regional Offices
IMF Regional Offices